Pelvis
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Pelvis
Pin technique / Safe zones
Knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy of the pelvis helps ensure safe pin placement
- Apex half pins can be placed in the iliac wings
- Apex half pins can be placed in the pelvis in the crest between the anterior-superior and anterior inferior iliac spines
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Femur
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Femur
Pin technique / Safe zones
Knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy of the femur helps ensure safe pin placement
- Apex half pins can be placed in the femur from lateral to medial along the entire length of the bone
- Transfixing pins can be placed in the distal quarter of the femur distal to the passage of the femoral artery posteriorly
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Knee Spanning
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Knee Spanning
Pin technique / Safe zones
Femur
Knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy of the femur helps ensure safe pin placement- Apex half pins can be placed in the femur from lateral to medial along the entire length of the bone
- Transfixing pins can be placed in the distal quarter of the femur distal to the passage of the femoral artery posteriorly
Tibia
Knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy of the tibia helps ensure safe pin placement- Apex half pins can be placed in the medial face of the tibia from plateau to pilon
- Transfixing pins can be safely placed except in the distal third of the tibia proximal to the metaphysis and distal to the fibula head near the peroneal nerve
- Before insertion of anterior Apex half pins near the ankle joint, perform blunt dissection to bone to ensure safety of neurovascular bundle
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Tibia
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Tibia
Pin technique / Safe zones
Knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy of the tibia helps ensure safe pin placement
- Apex half pins can be placed in the medial face of the tibia from plateau to pilon
- Transfixing pins can be safely placed except in the distal third of the tibia proximal to the metaphysis and distal to the fibula head near the peroneal nerve
- Before insertion of anterior Apex half pins near the ankle joint, perform blunt dissection to bone to ensure safety of neurovascular bundle
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Ankle
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Ankle
Pin technique / Safe zones
Knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy of the ankle helps ensure safe pin placement
- Apex half pins can be placed proiximal to the ankle from the medial to lateral in the anteromedial face of the tibia
- Apex pins can be placed distal to the crossing of the anterior tibial vessels just proximal to the ankle
- Before insertion of the anterior Apex half pins near the ankle joint, perform blunt dissection to the bone to ensure safety of neurovascular bundle
- Hybrid pins can be placed from the medial or dorsomedial side 0-115° from the frontal plane
- Transfixing pins can be placed through the calcaneus from medial to lateral
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